Single-site iron-anchored amyloid hydrogels as catalytic platforms for alcohol detoxification Nature Nanotechnology

Methamphetamines, cocaine and natural and semi-synthetic substances were also linked to overdose deaths. Weighed liver tissues were collected and immersed immediately in 10% neutral buffered formaldehyde. After overnight fixation, tissues were embedded in paraffin and cut into 5 μm sections for further haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and oil red O (Sigma) staining. Images were captured by a Nikon Eclipse TI-SR fluorescence microscope. Fresh liver was homogenized in chilled normal saline and centrifuged (1,500g, 4 °C) for 15 min. GSH and MDA levels of the resultant supernatant were detected using the GSH assay kit (ab65322) and the lipid peroxidation (MDA) assay kit (ab118970), respectively.

Antidotes for toxicological emergencies: A practical review

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Alcohol intoxication

Methanol and ethylene glycol poisonings share many clinical and biochemical features, including metabolite‐induced metabolic acidosis. The latent period from intake to symptoms (given no concomitant ethanol intake) is typically 6–12 h for ethylene glycol and 12–24 h for methanol, at which time, metabolic acidosis develops. Subsequently, ethylene glycol patients will develop acute kidney injury, coma, seizures and cardiovascular failure 29. Oxalate crystals in the urine can be observed with increased frequency after 6 h 30.

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• Emergency medical attention is necessary at this point to avoid death and severe health problems.
• It’s not necessary to have all the above symptoms before seeking medical help.
• They might “black out” without actually losing consciousness and may not be able to feel pain.
• This systematic review will examine the short- and long-term outcomes of patients after toxic alcohol poisoning and with respect to the treatments they did or did not receive.
• Examples of these medications include sleep aids, such as zolpidem and eszopiclone, and benzodiazepines, such as diazepam and alprazolam.

The catalytic activity of the gelatinous nanozyme could largely tolerate the digestive process, leading to a substantial decrease in blood alcohol levels in alcoholic mice, while avoiding the additional build-up of acetaldehyde. We finally demonstrate that this hydrogel also achieves heightened liver protection and substantial alleviation of intestinal damage and dysbiosis, thereby underscoring its potential as an improved therapeutic approach for alcohol-related conditions. By employing atomic-level design and harnessing alcohol overdose the capabilities of nanozymes, our study offers promising insights into the development of efficient and targeted alcohol antidotes, with potential benefits for both liver protection and gastrointestinal health. Overdoses and accidental exposures to toxic agents are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Combating this issue involves an interprofessional team and multiple approaches. Community leaders, health care workers, and educators can all play roles in the prevention of toxic exposures.

Second, alcohol can cause you to breathe too slowly which may lead to loss of consciousness. Healthcare professionals may assess the rate of your breathing to determine if you need additional treatments like oxygen. There are a couple of different breathing assessments that may be used on you during an alcohol overdose.

Outcomes after toxic alcohol poisoning: a systematic review protocol

A group of ethanol-free, but PBS-gavaged mice served as a negative control; all the ethanol-gavaged mice were asleep for alcohol intoxication. Although they tolerated alcohol intake for a longer period of time (∼40 min), the FeSA@AH mice were awoken significantly earlier (∼2 h) than other intoxicated groups (Fig. 4d). We then conducted the Morris water maze (MWM) test 6 h post-alcohol intake to quantitatively assess murine spatial reference memory (Fig. 4e).

When to Go to the Hospital for Alcohol Poisoning

In outbreaks, methanol poisoning usually results from consumption of alcoholic beverages that have been spiked with methanol due to its low cost. These epidemics occur world‐wide, often with high mortality rates 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. While these national figures offer a rare glimmer of good news on this grim issue, outcomes vary greatly in different states. Some places, including Indiana, Maine, Nebraska and Kansas, are estimated to have experienced a 15-percent decline in overdose deaths compared to what they reported in 2022, according to CDC analysis.

But alcohol poisoning is so serious, that not calling 911 could result in death. In any case, it’s unlikely that the paramedics or hospital team will call the police. Most states have Good Samaritan laws, which allow people to call 911 without fear of arrest if they’re having a drug or alcohol overdose or see someone else who is overdosing. At the review level, we expect challenges with respect to the possibility that many studies will be case series in which case the selection of patients for inclusion is less likely to be representative of the overall population of patients with toxic alcohol poisoning. Believe it or not, it’s possible to overdose on alcohol without drinking alcoholic beverages. This is because the ingestion of other products and household items such as antifreeze and solvents can cause methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning.

Comparison of fomepizole and ethanol

• In one series of five patients who ingested diethylene glycol, treatment with ethanol and haemodialysis was used, albeit with partial success since there was one fatality and two with renal sequelae after 26 months 54.
• At a BAC of 0.45 percent or above, a person is likely to die from alcohol intoxication.
• Similar treatment guidelines and established standard of care have not been formulated for other types of toxic alcohols.
• Although they tolerated alcohol intake for a longer period of time (∼40 min), the FeSA@AH mice were awoken significantly earlier (∼2 h) than other intoxicated groups (Fig. 4d).
• Other kinds of alcohol that you might have around the house, such as isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol) and methanol (wood alcohol), are toxic in a different way.